In panel joint sealing, which term describes the process of sealing joints to prevent air or water passage?

• A. Painting
• B. Caulking
• C. Sanding
• D. Welding

Answer: (B)

Caulking is the process of sealing joints with a flexible sealant to block air and water from passing through. In panel joints, applying a sealant creates a continuous, airtight and watertight barrier while still allowing the joint to move slightly from expansion, contraction, or settling. Sealants like silicone or polyurethane are common because they stick well to concrete and steel and stay flexible over time, which is essential for tilt-up panel interfaces. Painting, sanding, and welding don’t serve this purpose here: painting only coats the surface, sanding smooths, and welding fuses materials, which isn’t suitable for creating a flexible, weather-tight joint.